3Com Megahertz
56K Global GSM and Cellular Modem PC Card User Guide
Transmitting Data

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Transmitting Data

Your modem takes advantage of the Windows interface and the capabilities of your notebook to achieve faster data transfers than a regular modem.

Terminal Emulation Protocols

Various computer systems use different types of terminal emulation, such as IBM 3270, TTY, DEC, or ANSI. Contact the system operator of the host modem you are dialing into to determine the type of emulation to use for that connection. If the system operator is unkown, try using the ANSI terminal emulation protocol.

File Transfer Protocols

File transfer is the ability to transport files between two computers using two modems. The modems must use a file transfer protocol, which can correct errors in transmission and begin the file transfer process. Both modems must use the same file transfer protocol.

At the time you set up a file transfer, your communications software will prompt you to designate a file transfer protocol. The following table describes some of the most common protocols:

Protocol

Description

ZMODEM

Transfers files in a streaming protocol, making it very fast even with error correction. Also provides an automatic receive function that saves you steps when receiving data.

YMODEM-G

A variation of YMODEM designed for modems that support error control. Does not provide error correction or recovery, but relies on the modem to provide it. If any block is unsuccessfully transferred, the entire transfer is canceled.

YMODEM

An error correcting file transfer data transmission protocol that sends information in 1024-byte (1k) blocks. Checksums are done on each block and the result is sent along with the block. If the result does not check out at the receiving end, a NAK (Negative AcKnowledgement) is sent to retransmit that block. If the block checks out, an ACK (ACKnowledgement) is sent.

XMODEM

An error correcting file transfer protocol that sends informaton in 128-byte blocks. Checksums are done on each block and the result is sent along with the block. If the result does not check out at the receiving end, a NAK (Negative AcKnowledgement) is sent to retransmit that block. If the block checks out, an ACK (ACKnowledgement) is sent.

KERMIT

A very reliable asynchronous file transfer protocol that can communicate successfully with virtually any system. Because of this portability, throughput is significantly reduced.

ASCII

Sends TEXT ONLY files directly to the computer screen. Is very slow. Binary or graphics files cannot be transferred using the ASCII protocol.

Rules for Using File Transfer Protocols

For the best results when sending or receiving a file, follow these basic rules:

Dialing

All communications software allows for automatic dialing. See your software documentation for instructions.

To manually dial another modem, go into Terminal mode in your communications software and enter ATDT followed by a space and the telephone number.

When dialing, enter the same information you would if you were calling someone on the phone. For example, when dialing long distance, prefix the phone number with a 1 and the area code. If you are dialing from a telephone system that requires a 9 for an outside line, insert a 9 before the telephone number. You will probably need to place a comma or two after the 9 (9,,) to allow enough pause time to access the outside line (each comma designates a two-second delay. See S8 in AT Commands).

Receiving a Data Transmission

A modem can answer a call in one of three ways: Host, auto-answer, or manual answer.

Host mode is a feature of the software, although it is not available in all communications software packages. Host mode allows the modem to answer the phone and place the caller into a "host" mode, allowing callers to download files, upload files, and chat with you while their modem is connected. Refer to your software documentation for instructions on how to use this feature.

Auto-answer is used to answer an incoming call without user intervention. The AT command for auto-answer is ATS=n, where n is the number of rings before the incoming call is answered. For example, ATS=2 tells the modem to answer after the second ring.

Manual answer tells the receiving modem not to answer when the phone rings. ATS must be set to 0 (ATS=0) when you are using manual answer. When the phone rings while you are in terminal mode in your communications software, the word RING will appear on the computer screen. You must then type ATA to tell the modem to answer. If the phone rings when you are not in terminal mode, you will neither hear nor see any indication that a call is coming in. If ATS= anything except 0, the Auto-Answer feature will be activated after the number of rings you specify.